Malawi
Malawi（馬拉威）
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]
Gaga kska Meycow ka Malawi, 13 30 S, 34 00 E ka gaga na nniqan. Kana ka knlbangan na o 118,484 sq km（hangan na o Tg100） (knlbanga dxgal o 94,080 sq km, knlbangan qsiya o 24,404 sq km). Kana ka sejiqun o niqan 18,570,321 hiyi. Gaga Lilongwe ka pusu alang paru, jiyax 6 idas 6 ka jiyax skrayan klwaan. Manu ka dxgal Malawi ga wada sugan 59.20% ka dxgal qpahan, 34% ka dxgal bbuyu, rahuq dxgal do niqan 6.80% na.
Bukung klwaan ta sayang o kiya ka Peter Mutharika, pnaah hngkawas2014 idas 5 jiyax 31pnrajing kmlawa klwaan.
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cinkhulan sa knita’ sa brbiru’
Malawi Konghekwo （馬拉威共和國）
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]
（Eygo: Republic of Malawi；kari Ciceywa:Malaŵi）, splawa dha Malawi，(kari Ciceywa: Malaŵi Eygo: Malawi), kiya ka wa mniq Tunarac Hunac Ahuyrika qnlhangan neyru, siyaw niya u lmutuc Zambia, Mozambique mi Tanzannia. Tndxral qlhangan u wa mniqnawey 9°45' dhuq 17°16', iyax kcka tongci 32°35'－35°24'.
Ri-s（歷史）
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]
19 th congyey, Pprtugal, Ingkoku mpqlahang u mslutuc knrmux; kngkawas 1891 u wada qlhangan Ingkoku;kngkawas 1904 u seyhu Ingkoku ka msdyrux qmlahang, hangan niy u Niyasaran; kngkawas 1953 daw wada mkcka Ahuyrika ryeynpang 1 cida niya; kngkawas 1964 idas 7 diyax 6 dukuricu, knpriyux hangan Malawi.
Ti-ri（地理)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]
Wa mniq tunarac hunac Ahuyrika ka Malawi, tuhunac mi tudaya u niqan Tnarac Ahuyrika knbeyhing mtdka ayu ka lmihu, truma balay ayu daw kiya ka langu Malawi, tu3 knbeyhing langu qsiya Ahuyrika, lungu niyi u knkana Malawi na 20%. Yayung Sirey u snpeyyah tuhunac balay langu Malawi, qluluy muda tuhunac nniqan Malawi, nhdanan balay daw tuhunac 400 km na yayung Pisi Mtdka ayu na dqras tunarac mi tuiwil haypa u dhuq 900-1200 m tubaraw brnux. Dxral Tudaya na Nika tubaraw brnuxu knbaraw 2600 m. Tuhunac na Sirey dxral tubaraw u pdkanan haypa 600-1600 m, binaw niqan ka Songpa tubaraw brnux u tubaraw 2130 m, mi dwiyaq Muranci u dhuq 3050 m. Yayung Sirey dxral tuhunac u llbu kiya, haypa u wana bay 60-90 m. Malawi ka trahuc Ahuyrika Sahara dxralm bnaqi mkbuyu knbaraw bay jnko mitu qnlhangan uri, knhbrawan hiyi sediq sotu Lilongwe u 400,000, knbeyhing bay alang mkbrnux ka Purantayar knhbrawan hiyi sediq mniq kngkawas 1998 cida u dhuq 500,000 hiyi sediq.
Langu Malawi u alaw knbbaraw 365 ingri, knrbangan u 52 ingri, kiya ka splawa dha‘Langu Juri’ Phiyu 5 kongweyn qnlhangan (Cape Maclear).
Kasongku kongweyn qnlhangan (Kasungu).
Ringkwey kongweyn qnlhangan (Lengwe)
Riwongtay kongweyn qnlhangan (Liwonde)
Nika kngweyn qnhlangan (Nyika).
Sing-cng Cyu-hwa（行政區劃）
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Pusu tyawmu: Malawi sngcng cyuhwa.
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Malawi sngcng cyuhwa 1 ci ka nniqan (region), 2 ci ka keyng (district), dhuq kngkawas 2003 mnhdu, kana balay u niqan 3 nniqan, 28 keyng. Kiya ka truma niyi:
| Paraka keyng | （Balaka） |
| Purantayar keyng | （Blantyre） |
| Cikwawa keyng | （Chikwawa） |
| Ciracuru keyng | (Chiradzulu) |
| Citipa keyng | (Chitipa) |
| Tayca keyng | (Dedza) |
| Towa keyng | (Dowa) |
| Karongka | (Karonga) |
| Kasongku | (Kasungu) |
| Rikoma | (Likoma) |
| Rirongkwey | (Lilongwe) |
| Macinka keyng | (Machinga) |
| Mankoci keyng | (Mangochi) |
| Mucinji keyng | (Mchinji) |
| Murancyey keyng | (Mulanje) |
| Mcimba | (Mzimba) |
| Nkatawan keyng | (Nkhata Bay) |
| Nkotakota keyng | (Nkhotakota) |
| Nsangjey | (Nsanje) |
| Nceu keyng | (Ntcheu) |
| Ncis keyng | (Ntchisi) |
| Hwarongbey | (Phalombe) |
| Rumpi keyng | (Rumphi) |
| Sarima keyng | (Salima) |
| Tiyolo | (Thyolo) |
| Songba | (Zomba) |
| Neyno keyng | (Neno) |
Cng-c（政治）
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Malawi ka hbaraw bay qnlhangan Ahurika mdhu balay cngcyu na qnhlangan, kiya u ini khbaraw qnlhangan ini dduli mccbu nanaq kcka qnhlangan Ahuyrika, qnlhangan dha u mniq kngkawas 1996 idas 7 diyax 6 cida knpriyux pnwaya konghe, kiya mi oto cu. Malawi soto ka weynso qnlhangan, knbaraw bay singcng socang mi cyusu tongsway, spuda seyngkyo phiyu, mntxan snpngan diyax qpahan u 5 kngkawas, mk5 kngkawas muda mntxal seyngkyo kana. Trahuc soto u phiyu 1 dhuq 2 hiyi huku soto, neyke keweyn u spuda soto phiyu mi malax. Kwohuy u pnwaya 1 ying, splawas dha ‘Kwomin gikay’. Seyhu tnualang u psuwan tudaya, tukcka, tuhunac, knkana qnlhangan u niqan 26 keyng. Kngkawas 2012 idas 4 diyax 5, ngalan soto cida ka Pinku Wa Mutarika u alaw mnarux tama baraq wada mrdang. Diyax 6 kman cida seyhu ka rmngaw huku soto Cyoyis Panta pa alaw ptalax tang mqlahang, so kiya u uka brahan lmutux phyun soto. Binaw mniq diyax 7 cida, Malawi cngtan u pspuruq sediq komuying u mkrabang mqbling pila seyhu ‘Rhngun Pila’ so snsiqa singbung, Omong, Norway, kwoci hwopi cicin cucu u pusa kari hmtur muway pila dmayaw Malawi, dhuq saya ini sbrinah ‘Pnlawa pnyahan pila’. 2014 seyngkyo soto cida, wada ini baka Kngkawas Pitero Mutarika ka Panta, phyuwan tu5 Malawi soto ka Mutarika.
Jen-ko(人口)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Knhbrawan hiyi sediq Malawi pa ya bay 1840 knbkiyan hiyi (Kngkawas 2017 idass 9), hmrinas 80% hiyi sediq u mniq ini krana trawah alang cbiyaw. Alaw dndulan Narux Aycu ka Malawi, wada kasi elih ka qnhbrawan hiyi, so kiya pndkanan snpngan knudus dha u wada mlih uri da.
Spuda patas kngkawas 2003, danan muru ryu narux aycu ka sediq rudan u dhuq 14.2%, kiya ka ya bay niqan 90 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi mnarux aycu, kiya mi pndkanan knudus dha sediq Malawi u wana bay pndkanan knudus dha sediq Malawi u wana bay 36.97 kngkawas. Knbaraw bay ka puting ryu Malawi, pndkanan txtaxa qridin mnusa sediq u mptuting 5.98 laqi rabu, binaw Narux Aycu u wada madas mrdang ryu laqi rabu u dhuq 10%, kiya ka mk1000 hiyi rabu hana mntuting daw niqan 103.22 hiyi rabu ka mrdang.
Pnsuwan kngkawas: 0-14 kngkawas 46.9%, 15-64 kngkawas 50.4%, 65 kngkawas mi hmrinas 65 kngkawas u 2.8%.
Knrana knhbrawan hiyi sediq ryu: 2.06%.
Mtuting ryu: 43.95 rabu/1000 hiyi sediq.
Mrdang ryu: 23.39 mrdang/1000 hiyi sediq.
Snaw mi qridin piri: 0.99 hiyi snaw/1 hiyi qridin.
Pndkanan kngkawas: Snaw: 36.59 kngkawas, qridin: 37.36 kngkawas.
Karac(氣候)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Knkana qnlhangan u ya bay wa mniq tubaraw dwiyaq ka Malawi, so kiya kana nniqan na knkkarac ini pntna knkkarac u tura balay tuayus niya, kiya ka jetay kansci knkkarac cyu na knkkarac tubaraw, ida so kiya ka tubaraw dwiyaq brnux na kntlxan u mndungus bay mi mdhu balay, binaw knskuy karac misan u malu dhuq sesu 4˚. Kiya mi dxral rbuq u thmuk hngak mtilux, mtilux balay cida u malu dhuq 39˚, kiya u knou qnuyux kngkawas u alaw ini pntna lnlingay nniqan u ini pntna uri, pndkanan snpeyyah 600mm dhuq 3000mm. Ida so qqyuxan karac u snpeyyah idas 11 prading dhuq idas 5, kiya u idas 5 dhuq idas 11 na qnyuxan quyux u tikuh balay. Malawi u alaw wa mniq nniqan tubaraw dwiyaq brnux, so kiya tikuh balay ka sncuwan beyhing bwihur mi rngecux.
Cing-ci(經濟)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Malawi u mnuda snpngan kari UN ka mtqiri qnlangan ini balay mtrawah qnlhangan uri, knkana qnlhangan u ya bay niqan 55% na kndusan mniq mqrinuc seyng trahuc, jncyun kwomin sngcan congcu u wana 600 pila Amirika, kiya ka mtqiri qnlangan kntikuh bay sntkuwan dha qnpringan. Qnlhangan dha u bsiyaq balay mapa saking kndusan dha, saking qnhlangan knkana minsng congcu na 228.3%. Alaw dndulan narux aycu mi knou bay pntuting laqi ryu, Malawi rawtongri sediq piri kntikuh balay, ya bay wana 50% na knhbrawan sediq u iyax 15-64 kngkawas. Malan ka sediq kyoiku cngtu u tikuh bay pnyasan dha, kcka qnhlangan ticisu mpqpah sediq u msngari balay, binaw ini balay kttuku ka kawcisu jncay.
Qnlhangan dha u bsiyaq balay sntama nongcanpin cuko ka keyjay Malawi, nongyey jnko u hmrinas 90%, so kiya ka keyjay qnlhangan u slxan bay ddulan nongyey canpin na neydang kwoci. Mqpah qnpahan sediq u pusu bay mhuma sudu puqan, wata, lhngay, kiya ka Ahuyrika pusu bay sudu puqan sngcankwo uri, cuko sudu puqan u knkana qnlhangann ngalan wayhuy 70%. Nasi muda mangal pnhmanan cida tikuk ka neydang daw, wana nanaq mkhnuk sbari ka pnhman. Burah soto cnduray hari u dmudul ou ddaun muda knpriyux keyjay qnlhangan, kiya ka knkana pkrana keyjay bbriyan, hmtur sqquru pila mi pskbiyax pkrana kyoiku.
Elu soto
Nngalan kana kndusan hbangan qnlhangan (pnspuwan kngkawas 2015): 64.16 oku pila Amirika.
Jncyu nngalan kana kndusan hbangan qnlhangan (pnspuwan kngkawas 2015): 354 oku pila Amirika.
Tongcangryu: 21.4%
Knranaryu keyjay: 1.9%
Mawyi nica: -55 maxal kbku knbkiyan pila Amirika.
Saking nganguc: 30 oku pila Amirika.
Mpqpah qpahun sediq
Pusu qqpahan: Qqpahan pnwalang.
Pusu cuko qqiya briyun: Sudu puqan, watan, ociya, kahuy, trabus.
Pila ddiyun: Malawi Kwaca (Malawian Kwacha).
Wun-hwa(文化）
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Kari sduwi seyhu Malawi pa kari kari Ciceywa mi eygo. Hbaraw bay sediq Malawi u smluhay Teynskyo, niqan ya bay 10% knhbrawan hiyi sediq ka smluhay Isrankyo. Ya bay niqan 40% knhbrawan hiyi sediq Malawi pa uxay mnuyas, kcka niya hmrinas dmka uxay mnuyas ka qqridin. Kari: Skari Ciceywa 57.2%, skari Chinyanja 12.8%, skari Chiyao 10.1%, skari Chitumbuka 9.5%, skari Chisena 2.7%, skari Chilomwe 2.4%, skari Chitonga 1.7%, skari quri icil 3.6% (CIA factbook).
Smlhaya snhiyan: 79.9% Teyngskyo,12.8% Musrin, snhiyan icil 3%, 4.3% ini sluhay snhiyan.Uxay mnuyas piryu: Snaw:23.9%, qridin: 50.2%.
Ttgsa(教育）
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Seyhu u pndungus ini buway pila ppuyas laqi muyas pyasan tutiping. Mniq quri tuknbaraw kyoiku u, kcka qnhlangan u pnhiyu 2 pusu pyasan tubeyhing pa, kiya ka Malawi pyasan tubeyhing mi Mucucu pyasan tubeyhing. Kcka niya pa Malawi pyasan tubeyhing ka bsiyaq balay rikisi pnhyuwan mi knbeyhing bay dungus niya, kiya u niqan ‘Malawi kwanri sweyweyn’ (Malawi Institute of Management）mi ‘Malawi pkrana ciyey sweyweyn’ (Malawi Entrepreneurial Development Institute), niqan pndungus kwanri jncay psluhay slhayan.)
Cyaw-tung(交通）
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Ppanan rulu basu: Pusu bay elu ddaun ppwaluk qnlhangan ssiyaw u niqan: Mquri Mozambique na Peyra, Tuhunac Ahuyrika na Tepan; mquri Tanzannia na Sanrankang; kcka qnlhangan khwoyun ppanan basu pusu bay musa mi brinah iyax Pulantayar mi Rironghuy.
Ppanan skoki
Kojyo skoki: Kojyo ppanan skoki Malawi pa pndungus cyuyu mi ppanan skoki kcka qnlangan, malu dhuq ssaun niya ka knkana Nayropi, Hararey, Rusaka, Pulantay mi Yohanespaw; Oco mi kojyo ppanan skoki Ahuyrika mniq Rilangwey kwoci ppanan skoki pa kddiyax u niqan ppanan skoki, kiya ka knkana Ingkoku, Knya, KLM, Isopiya, Tuhunac Ahuyrika, Sinpawey mi Zambia kojyo ppanan skoki.
Ppanan skoki: Saya u niqan sotu Rirongkwey mi Pulantayar 2 knbeyhing kwoci ppanan skoki, niqan knbeyhing pawswey mi soko huda sskuwan ka malu ddiyun.
Ppanan kisya: Uxay wana kcka qnlhangan ka niqan ppanan kisya, niqan kwoci ppanan kisya mhaqun qqiya mquri Mozambique na Nakarakang (Nacala).
Kngkawas 2006 idas 7 diyax 4: Ida bay nTaiwan tyeyru kwanricyu ka 4 R20 sing caytyeynci kisya(banggo bnkuwan: R56, R57, R58, R59) u wada subway Malawi, binaw wada stuq pnluban pnsdhuwan ka Taiwan mi Malawi daw, stuq uri ka quri knkla smmalu, saya u wana R58 ida malu ddiyun tapa.
Quri qqnawal: Qnawal u malu kwoci msdurux mriq qnlangan pusu alang beyhing mkbrnux, cwancn, email mi ppatas u malu kndadax Malawi spadas mquri qnlangan ana inu nniqan. pusu alang beyhing mkbrnuxu malu dmuwi qnawal ddihun kana.
Pnyahan pnatas(參考資料)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]- CIA
- 外交部
- List of current heads of state and government
- Tnhjil kari seejiq Watan Diro(瓦旦 吉洛) mtabug
- https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E7%BB%B4