Kurgyzstan

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Flag of Kyrgyzstan -Kwoci Ciarcis (吉爾吉斯國旗)

Kurgyzstan (吉爾吉斯)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

Gaga kska Yacow ka Kurgyzstan, 41 00 N, 75 00 E ka gaga na nniqan.

Kana ka knlbangan na o 199,951 sq km (hangan na o Tg87) (knlbanga dxgal o 191,801 sq km, knlbangan qsiya o 8,150 sq km).

Kana ka sejiqun o niqan 5,727,553 hiyi.

Gaga Bishkek ka pusu alang paru, jiyax 31 idas 8 ka jiyax skrayan klwaan.

Manu ka dxgal Kurgyzstan ga wada sugan 55.40% ka dxgal qpahan, 5.10% ka dxgal bbuyu, rahuq dxgal do niqan 39.50% na.

Bukung klwaan ta sayang o kiya ka Almazbek Atambayev, pnaah hngkawas2011 idas 12 jiyax 1pnrajing kmlawa klwaan.

File:Emblem of Kyrgyzstan.svg-Kwohwey (國徽)
File:Kyrgyzstan (orthographic projection).svg-Ida nkiya nniqan lnglingay (自然地理位置)

cinkhulan sa knita’ sa brbiru’

Ciarcis (吉爾吉斯)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

Ciarcis Konghkwo ngalan dha Ciarcis, kiya ka kingal qnlhangan wa mniq dxral kcka Asia. Tudaya Ciarcis mi Hasak u msqapah, tuiwal ka Ucpik, tuiwil hunac ka Tacik, tunarac u msdalih Cyokoku. Piskayk ka sotu Ciarcis mi knbeyhing bay alang mkbrnux.

Knrudan bay qnlhangan kcka Asia, niqan 2000 kngkawas ka rikisi Ciarcis, mnuda ou kluwanan wangcaw mi bungka. Alaw ka wa tqriyan dwiyaq mi pbruxun nanaq, kiya ka malu pltudul ka bungka Ciarcis; kiya mi alaw nniqan lnlingay uri, wa mniq strngan ou kluwanan waya ka Ciarcis. Ana so qnbsyaqan bay nniqan dha mniq Ciarcis ka knou bay alang, binaw mncun niqan qnhlangan icil miyah knrmux qmlahang. Dhuq kngkawas 1991 peyyah ida nSuryeyn babaw dukuricu daw, wada mkingal niqan dukuricu pusu biyax na minjoku qnlhangan ka Ciarcis. Pnwaya quri seyji u murux kingal mi gikay. Ana beytaq saya u mncun niqan mtdiyal ka minjoku, pspaux prrudu mi qnnriqu quri keyjay. Saya u wisu tumal Dukuricu pnsliyan qnlhangan, Oco keyjay ryeynmong mi Citi anjeyng ryeynmong na qnlhangan; kiya uri u tumal Sanghay hecwocucu, Isran hecwocucu, Tucyey gikay mi Tucyey bungka kwoci cucu na cngyeynkwo.

Ciarcis pa niqan 570 kinbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq. Pusu bay minjoku ka Ciarcis joku (Mniq kcka dxral Cyokoku ka Ciarcis u ngalan dha Kearkc joku), msngari u Ucpeyk joku mi Russia joku. Kari Ciarcis ka ngalan kari qnlhangan, kiya mi mniq 1 seyki ka dndulan mkRussia cngce ida kari Russia ka ddiyun dha balay mi ngalan srngaw kari seyhu. 64% knhbrawan sediq ka ucongpay Muslim. Uxay wana niqan bungka Tucyey nanaq, bungka Ciarcis pa wada dndulan bungka Mongku, bungka Posu mi bungka Russia uri.

Ris (歷史)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

Spuda kngkawas so niyi hari u Ciarcis mi Cyokoku rikisi sweycya ka wada sndiyan, qnbsyaqan bay rikisi Ciarcis u malu bhraun dhuq brah AD. 201. Jidayi saya u niqan bnatas qnbsyaqan bay patas ka “Suci”, cida ka sediq Ciarcis u splawa dha Cyeynkun.

Kari Tucyey u Qırğız, kiya ka patas bnatas Suci Cyokoku sunca Cikas, kiya ka sediq Kearkc saya, “Suci” ka mnwaya bay bnatas quri ndanan sediq Karkc, splawa dha “Kekun”. Ryanghan cida u splawa dha “Cyeynkun”, WeyCin Nanpeycaw dhuq Sweytay cida u splawa dha “Cyeyku”, “Ciku”, “Hku”, “Huku”. Tangtay cida spuda hnang kari Han u splawa dha “Syakas”. Utay 10 qnlhangan, Ryaw, Song, King cida splawa dha “Hricis” Dungan, Mongku tikwo, Yentay cida u splawa dha “Ciricis” uri, Kana pnhangan niyi u kiya ka dmuwi knkingal ndanan cida ini pntna hnang kari pnhangan. Cingtay cida spuda pnlawa dha sediq Mongku Erut u, splawa dha Purut. Kiya ka Man, Cinca, Citan minjoku pnyahan Hasak Hankwo u pnlawa dha Ciarcis ka “Seartkrk” (dungus na u “sediq icil”), uxay na tnpusu Ciarcis. Tnpusu balay nniqan sediq Ciarcis u mnniq tuhunac Siporiya, dxral tudaya yayung Yeynise. Mndanan knrmujx qmlahang Syongnu, babaw tu2 kcka seyki daw yahan knrmux qmlahang Tucyey Hankwo, Hweyhe Hankwo, bukuy daw mniq kngyeyn kngkawa 840 u wada dha ini baka ka Hweyhe Hankwo dmi wada dukuricu bsiyaq hari, dhuq kngyeyn kngkawas 924 daw kiya ka wada yahan knrmux qmlahang Ryawcaw pnhyuwan na Yeyryuapawci. Yeyntay u mniq tudaya yayung Yeynise phiyu Yiranco, Cyeynco. Dhuq 17 seyki, wada yahan snhur pddayak Cwenkear Hankwo sediq Mongku mi sediq Russia tikwo, wada kndudul thdil lmiqu dwiyaq Tyeysan na quri langu Isek, kiya ka nniqan Ciarcis saya. Cingtay, alang Ciarcis pa psnakan Tunarac Purut, Tuiwil Purut. Tuiwil Purut u tmabu tnbuwan mniq dxral kcka Hweypu, skdakar qmlahang Kskar Cancan Tacn mi knkingan elu Cuca Tacn, Tunarac Purut ka Cingcaw cingway na tnualang sediq Tnpusu.

Juga qnlhangan Tangcaw kcka iwil ka Ansi Tatuhuhu.

Tangcaw (唐朝)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

AD. 640 idas 9 diyax 19 (Cnkwan kngkawas 14 idas 8 kweyyi, nongri idas 8 diyax 28), Cyawhtaw singcyun tacongkwan Hocyunci ping Kawcang, ngalan na phiyu Sico ka dxral hiya. AD. 640 idas 10 diyax 11 (Cnkwan kngkawas 14 idas 9 imaw, nongri idas 9 diyax 21), mniq Sico phiyu Ansi tuhuhu, pqriyun dha quri Tuiwil Tucyey. Cnkwan kngkawas 22 (AD. 648), Ansi tuhuhu thdilan dhuq Kweyc. Tang Kawcong Syeycing kngkawas 2 (AD. 657) idas 11, wada ini baka Tangcyun ka Tucyey, wada thdilun nniqan Kawcang Dungan ka Ansi tuhuhu. Syeyncing kngkawas 3 idas 5 (AD. 657), Ansi tuhuhu u wada thdilun Kweyc (Kucyu saya), wada mkala mtatuhuhu ka Ansi tuhuhu. Tang Kawcong u knpriyux Taycong cida wana snbeyhing qmita cyunsu mi sntikuh mita qmlahang singcng ka uuda na, mniq nniqan dxral Tucyey psnakan phiyu Mongc tuhuhu mi Kwenring tuhuhu, kiya mi psnakun phiyu Cyumi cohu ka ttiping qnlhangan sdan dhiya, dxral tuiwil u dhuq Posu, kiya ka to bay dxral Ansi tahuhu kana, so kasi yahi qmlahang Tangcaw kana ka dxral quri hini.

Syeyncing kngkawas 5 (AD. 660), wa mniq Congring tuiwil na Tucyey Tumapu u wada smnul Tang, snkaul sediq musa qmita ka cawting. Tang Kawcong Rongsyo kngkawas pnrdingan (AD. 661), snkaul Tuhworwo tawcuco syeynsu Waming qmita tuiwil Congring dungan, mniq tuiwil Yutyeyn, tunarac Posu 16 qnlhangan, phiyu 16 tutuhu, kana bay u 80 ka co, 110 ka keyng, 126 ka cyuhu, kiya mi mniq Tuhworwo phiyu pnsdhuwan smnru ndanan niyi. Mniq cida, Ansi tatuhuhu na qmlahang knkana Ansi sucn, Mongcu, Kwenring tuhuhu (dxral nniqan tuiwil Tucyey cbiyaw), Cawwu 9 sing, Tuhworwo dhuq Posu tutuhu, mntna hari so knbeyhing pnspuwan Sincyang mi Congya 5 qnlhangan, Ahuhan saya.

Babaw Rongsyo kngkawas 2 (kongyeyn 662) adw, Tuhwan mi Tangcaw u snpusal ppluk Ansi 4 cn, hini u ou bay yiso, dhuq Tang Tcongcnyeyn kngkawas 6 (kongyen kngkawas 790), Ansi 4 cn u wada skkingal pkngatun kana.

Ucetyeyn Cangan kngkawas 2 (AD.702), phiyu Peyting tuhuhu, qmlahang ida qmnlahangan Ansi tatuhuhu ka Tyeynsan peyru, tunarac Jehay na dxral nniqan tuiwil Tucyey, wana Tyeynsan nanru mi nniqan tunarac Congring ka qlhangan Ansi tatuhuhu, kiya ka dhuq mdakar sntangan aawah dha mpkrmux quri Sco cru mquri tudaya mcbu ka Tuhwan.

Siryaw cida (西遼時期)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

Siryaw (AD.1124 dhuq 1218) kiya ka sediq Citan Yeyryutasu pnhiyu na qnlhangan, hiti daw wada mrana dhuq Congya, Husworutwo (wa mniq msdalih Ciarcis Tokmak na alang mkbrnux Purana saya), cida u mbiyax bay qnlhangan Congya. AD.1218 cida u wada pkngatun heytay Mongku dndulan Cngcishan. Dxral cbiyaw nniqan Siryaw pa wa mniq dxral Cngcishan psuwan na tu2 hiyi risaw na Cahtay, Cahtay Hankwo hiti daw wada dmudul ddiyun bay kari Cahtay (hiti daw wada mkkari Weyuar mi mkkari Ucpeyk).

Cahtay Hankwo cida (13-14 seyki) (察合台汗國時期 [13-14世紀])[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

Cahtay Hankwo u ida kiya dxral Tyeymucn pndungus na tu2 risaw na Cahtay. Pnrdingan bay dxral nniqan cbiyaw u, kiya ka knkana Tyeynsan naru mi Tyeynsan peyru mi yayung Yurtus mi yayung Manas ryoyu mi iyax yayung Ymu mi yayung Siar na nniqan yayung Congya (mbiyax bay cida u peyyah dwiyaq Aartay dhuq Syeynhay). Hana balay han u phyuwan mniq msdalih Arimari na Huyas (Kuarri), kiya ka Cyoka jnmin konghkwo na Sincyang Hwocngsyeyn Sweytingcn tuiwil daya. Cahtay Hankwo cyucu Tuwa mi Wokwotay Hankwo cyuncu Haytu u mnsupu, snpusal mccbu heytay Weyncaw,beytaq Hupiryey cida u ini stuq na,mndhuq mangal canmopey Harahrin. Dhuq kongyeyn 1304 u prading tuhuy Haytucca tu8 risaw na Weyncngcong psbalay.

Cingcaw cida (清朝時期)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

Cingkawcong Cyeynrong kngkawas 22 (AD.1757), pingting Cwenkear Mongku daw, wada yahan knrmux qmlahang Cingcaw ka sediq Ciarcis. Mquri Cingcaw thmuku ka sediq Ciarcis pa wada dha splawa “Purut”; psnakan tunarac mi tuiwil ddha, tuiwil Purut u wa mniq tnuda yomu tuiwil yayung tudaya na Ksekear, Yeyarcyang tuiwil hunac; kana bay u niqan 4 beyhing alang; tunarac Purut u wa tnuda yomu Use, tuiwil daya Aksu, tuiwil hunac Iri, knkana bay u niqan 5 alang. Hhiti daw wada mowic ka Cingcaw dmi, mniq AD.1864 na “Cong E kan psnakan tnuayus tuiwil daya weyci” wada bqanan Russia tikwo ka Waysipey, alaw snul tndxral mniq ka sediq, sediq Ciarcis u kndadax ndanan knrmux qmlahang Russia (duma u alaw wada tbrinah knciyuk ka Cwenkear Hankwo mi wada subway Heyrongcyang Huyukeyng Cyeyrongti.

Rikisi msdalih hari kngkawas niyi (近代史)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

18 seyki, nniqan Ciarcis saya pnsnaqan Cwenkear Mongku (tudaya) mi Hawhan Hankwo (tuhunac) na biyax nniqan dxral. 19 seyki kngkkawas 20, wada mrana ka biyax Hawhan, kana nniqan Ciarcis u wada mnHawhan Hankwo kana. AD.1854, musa knrmux mcbu Hawhan Hankwo ka Russia, kiya mi spuda ou kluwanan waycyaw sotwan pkiyux Cingting srwanan dukuricu hnyuwan kana ka nniqan Congya knkingal Hwansu. AD.1876 cida, wada pkngatun ka qnlhangan Hawhan, knkana nniqan Ciarcis u wada yahan knrmux qmlahang Russia kana. Wada krmxan qmlahang Russia pa, snturung ou bay knciyuk, niqan hbaraw bay sediq u wada kasi latac nniqan dha tndxral mi wada thdil icil, mtmay Pamiar brnux baraw mi Ahuhan; binaw duma u, mntna qlhangan cida u Cingcaw nniqan Syakan na sediq Hwey ka tbrinah knciyuk, wada ini baka ka sediq Hwey u thdil mquri tudaya dhuq mkngahu yayung Cu saya, wada mrudan cbiyaw sediq Tongkan.

AD.1916 cida, muruc knciyuk undo ka Russia, hbaraw bay sediq Ciarcis u kndadax Congya thdil dhuq pnhyuwan burah na Cyokaminkoku cida.

AD.1922 cida, phiyu cida ka Suryeyn u mnTucyey Stan Suweyay Sehuycuyi Cckonghkwo. AD.1924 cida, muda pnwaya tnuayus minjoku ka nniqan Congya, Ciarcis saya u psdhu phiyu Kara Ciarcis Ccco, wada tumal Russia Ryeynpang. AD.1925 cida u wada knpriyux hangan Ciarcis Ccco, dhuq AD.1926 cida daw wada mkala Ciarcis Suweyay Sehuycuyi Cckonghkwo Dungan. AD.1936 idas 12 diyax 5, balay bay psdhuwan phiyu ka Ciarcis Suweyay Sehuycuyi Konghkwo, wada tumal ryeynpang na Suryeyn.

AD.1991 idas 8 diyax 19, konghkwo cinci cwangtay yingkay (SCSE) dha u sntama biyax dnyawan quri Mosuk, smatang dha plixun ka soto Akayeyhu. Wada ini pndungus dmi babaw kingal iyax sngayan, Akayeyhu mi huku soto Kucnyeytohu u pusa kari mlatac Suryeyn kyosanto, malix qpahun suki, kiya mi wada na plhlah kana ka qnpringan seyhu. Wada dndulan uuda niyi, lmutuc mniq idas 8 diyax 31 na knbeyhing bay Suweyay gikay meytaq hyocida u pusa kari ptalax kndadax Suryeyn dukuricu, AD.1933 idas 5 diyax 5, wada knpriyux hangan qnlhangan Ciarcis Konghkwo.

Cngc (政治)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

Ciarcis na minjoku inggaku.
Pusu bay uuqun sediq u beyhing pang.

AD.1990 kngkkawas pnrdingan cida, peyyah kcka kyosanto knpruyux pssli ka Ciarcis micu undo (Democratic Movement Kyrgyzstan, DMK) mi Awse u wada msminjoku mtdiyal, wada ini snhiyi ssediq mi gikay ka Ciarcis kyosanto tu1 suki Masariyeyhu (Абсамат Масалиевич Масалиев), wada mlih ka biyax ddha dha daw, Akayeyhu (Аскар Акаев), Ciarcis ksweyyan na ingcyo, mniq AD.1990 idas 10 msdurux syeynkyo cida wada mangal 95% hyo mi mangal soto mwaya bay soto peyyah dukuricu.

AD.1993 cida wada psdhun ka keyngpo pa seyhu ticu u mincu konghcu na konghkwo. Singcng pumn u knkana soto mi congri, kokoingkay u pnwaya 2 ing, shwa pumn u kiya ka knkana knbaraw hoing, keyngpo hwating, tihwang hoing mi keynsa congcang.

Ppanan rulu basu klelu Sotu.

Spuda qnqriqu ka keyjay, AD.1994 kngkkawas kcka prading, Akayeyhu u kndudul mquri dmuwi weycweyn qmlahang. Lmutuc ou kngkawas, mniq kcka gikay mtdiyal kari, Akayeyhu spuda kongmin meytaq hyo msdurux meysa dnkuhan ssediq qnlhangan, knkana AD.1996 idas 2 mi AD.1998 idas 10 na snbrinah smmalu keyngpo pkrana biyax soto mi snbrinah knpriyux waya seyngkyo.

AD.2002 idas 3 mniq tuhunac nniqan Ahesi u, niqan 6 hiyi sediq hantay knhmuc qmraq bukung hantaytang na sediq mpdudul seyji u, wada bun puniq phuqil jikeyng, msang balay kana ka sediq qnlhangan. Spuda pnsliyan ssediq mi hantaytang dayhyo ka msupu tumal cida, Akayeyhu soto u dmudul ptrawah psburah uuda keyngpo. Uuda niyi u hana prading han wa niqan seyhu, pnsliyan sediq, mi syakay dayhyo ka knhbaraw bay tumal mi ptrawah pprngaw kari, dndulan niya ka AD.2003 idas 2 meytaq hyo cida u wada ini ktuku ka kongmin topyaw cida. Wada pdanan kongmin topyaw ka sbrahansmmalu ka keyngpo u wada mrana ka biyax soto mi wada mlih ka kokoingkay mi keyngpo hwating. Spuda burah keyngpo, mniq kngkawas 2005 na seyngkyo kokoingkay daw, ida bay 2 ing ka kokoingkay u wada knpriyux 75 hiyi na murux bay ing kokoingkay.

Kwotu seyhu mpdudul u wisu pkrana burah psbalay qmlahang, kiya mi muda psbalay quri mchdil bay quri uuda keyngpo. Wada pusa kari ka qnlhangan msupu lnglungan ingkay, idas 6 u muda soto seyngkyo, kiya mi mk3 idas daw muda kokoingkay na seyngkyo.

Kngkawas 2005 cida u wada mrrudu ka cngcyu Ciarcis, quri so gikay tu2 seyngkyo kcka cida u wada mqbling muda, kndudul niqan knou bay hantay uuda, pusu bay sntangan dha u so musa malix biyax ka seyhu saya. Idas 3 diyax 24, hmrinas knbkiyan hiyi sediq ka mniq Piskay mssli smatang soto mi seyhu na ka malix biyax mi qpahun, kiya ka suchaya “Yucinsyang kming”. Wada qduriq Hasak ka soto Akayeyhu, hiti daw wada dhuq Mosk. Idas 3 diyax 28, Ciarcis burah gikay u seykyo hantay na bukung, congri brah Paciyeyhu ka congri seyhu, rmirih qpahun soto. Mniq Mosk ka soto Akayeyhu u idas 4 diyax 4 u wada malax qpahun soto. Mniq kngkawas 2005 idas 7 diyax 10 na seyngkyo soto cida, Paciyeyhu u 89.4% ka nangal na hyo mi wada mangal soto, kiya mi idas 8 diyax 14 cida ka psdhuwan phiyu soto.

Kngkawas 2008 idas 12, treybi seyhu kokong tyeynsu kwangpo kojyo (KTRK) pusa kari meysa Jiyu Oco Deyntay knama muway cyeymu so malu pqbhangun. Spuda kngkawas 2005 na kingal pnrngawan, KTRK u kasi ka pusa cyeymu niyi ka dhiya. KTRK u mniq kngkawas 2008 idas 10 diyax 8 wada msangan pusa pqbhangun Jiyu Oco deyntay. Brah 1 iyax sngayan han u, KTRK u ini dha dayi pusa ka radiyo cyeymu “Quri so ini mkhmuya mi so moknarux”, rmngaw sa wada dha prdangan ka jayryaw ini dani pradiyo na, kiya mi niqan pnluban dha quri seyngkyo alang na idas 10 diyax 5. Paciyeyhu soto pa mniq kngkawas 2008 idas 9 msang rmngaw cyeymu niyi u mquri pnsliyan dhantay. Rmngaw ka KTRK u cyeymu Jiyu Oco deyntay wa “Scuqi so tbrinah lnglungan mi scuqi pnskari”. Ukwocyey kisya pa mbiyax bay msang rmngaw wada malix pradiyo ka KTRK. Mniq pnsliyan dha pnkla kari kngkawas 2009 bnkuwan quri Kana qnlangan sinbung jiyu csu pa, Ciarcis mniq kcka 175 qnlhangan ka bnkuwan dha u tu125. Mniq kngkawas 2014 bnkuwan quri Kana qnlangan sinbung jiyu csu pa, Ciarcis mniq kcka 180 qnlhangan ka bnkuwan dha u tu97.

Kngkawas 2009 idas 2 diyax 3, Kuarmanpyeyk Paciyeyhu soto u pusa kari kasi shmuk ka Manas kongcyun citi-wana kingal niyi ka cyusu citi hniti Amirika mniq Congya. Idas 2 diyax 19, gikay u wada dha pdan (78-1) ka gian pnusa seyhu quri pstqun pkbarux Amirika ka Manas kongcyun citi . Kiya mi, mnuda Ciarcis, Russia, Amirika waycyawkwan ka snpusal muda pprngaw daw, wada htranan Ciarcis ka pnrngawan shmuk ka citi. Idas 6 diyax 25, Ciarcis gikay u wada smruwa mniq Mey Manas kongcyun citi cicusang phiyu yuncwan congsin na pnrngawan. Burah htong u smruwa Amirika lmutuc dmuwi citi kiya, kiya mi pila knbrxan u kndadax kngkawas 1740 knbkiyan pila Amirika mrana dhuq 6000 knbkiyan pila Amirika. Citi niyi u uxay splawa “Manas kongcyun citi”, wada thnganan “Ucu cwanyun congsin”, wana nanaq qqiya ddiyun heytay ka hhqulun. Ddiyun Manas kongcyun citi cuxan han u ngalan kana cyusu citi heytay Amirika, knpriyux wana nanaq pquri Ahuhan mhadus hweycminsing sepey na yunsu congsin. Ciarcis ka qnlangan babaw dxral 20 psrabang balay qnlhangan uri: Kngkawas 2008 Ciarcis na psrabang kancu csu ka 1.8 (0 ka qnnaqah balay, 10 ka knmalu balay). Kngkawas 2010 umntxan muda kming dungan, “47 jikeyng” mi mntna hari kngkawas 2005 na Yucinsyang kming, pnyahan qnlhangan sediq u ini qqaras ndanan seyhu mi soto Paciyeyhu. Idas 4 diyax 7 kman cida, hantaypay u phiyu rinji seyhu, subway dha waycang brah Roca Awtongpayeywa ka ngalan rinji soto. Soto cida ka Paciyeyhu u wada qduriq tuhunac alang mkbrnux Awse. Rinji seyhu idas 5 diyax 19 u wada muda pnwaya, smkaul Roca Awtongpayeywa ka ngalan rinji soto. Muda pnwaya, qpahun kwotu sci soto pa dhuq kngkawas 2011 idas 12 diyax 31; kwotu sci soto u uka keynri tumal tu1 seyngkyo soto, Ciarcis mndungus seyhu u babaw idas 7 diyax 10 ka pssliyun phiyu. Ciarcis burah keyngpo cawan u mniq idas 6 diyax 27 Cweynmin kongcwey cida wada muda, burah keyngpo u hmtur biyax soto, sbway congri ka ou biyax. Tuhunac 2 co u alaw mtdiyal ka minjoku, mniq idas 6 diyax 28 dhuq idas 8 diyax 10 tbrnahun muda ka cinci cwangtay.

Mniq kngkawas 2011 idas 10 kcka mnuda seyngkyo soto, bukung Ciarcis sehuy mincutang Aarmacpyeyk Atanpayeyhu ka wada mbiyax, mniq idas 12 ka psdhu phyuwan, wada msoto.

Tiri (地理)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

Piskayk na Toartoyipaca.
Awse
Piskayk kongyu cyeyncu.

Knkarac Wentay kanhan pankanhan, mniq kngkawas idas 7,8 mtilux hari ya bay mniq sesu 30˚, idas 12 dhuq idas 2 misan knskuy dhuq sesu ringsya 30˚. Ou dwiyaq cyorin, kana dxral qnlhangan u hmrinas 500m, 1/2 na nniqan u haypa 1000-3000m, 1/3 na nniqan u haypa 3000─4000m. Tunac daya u tbukuy tuiwil Tyeynsan dwiyaq tudu, tuiwil hunac u niqan Pamiar-Aray dwiyaq tudu. Wana tuiwil hunac mi tudaya u niqan dxral llbu. Yayung Narwen lmihu kana dxral qnlhangan, mniq kcka dxral qnlhangan u knbrawan u 540 km. Knbrawan Cuhe mniq kcka dxral qnlhangan u 220 km. Langu qsiya baraw dwiyaq Isek ka niqan bay hhangan langu ini khuda. Tarusing knkarac, knkarac u knbeyhing bay cweycu knpriyux. Pnyahan qsiya quyux kngkawas u 200-1000 hawmi.

Singcng cyuhwa(行政區劃)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

Kwohwa u psnakan 7 co(oblasty; pl.oblastlar)、1su (shaary; pl.shaar), co, su sya secyu, knkana qnlhangan u niqan 60 ka cyu (raion).

7co 1su knkana u:

  1. Sotu Piskayk (sotu)
  2. Batken co (Batken, sohu u wa mniq Batken)
  3. Chuy co (Chuy, wa mniq Piskayk ka sohu)
  4. Jalabad co (Jalabad, wa mniq Jalalabad ka sotu)
  5. Naryn co (Naryn, wa mniq Naryn ka sohu)
  6. Osh co (Osh, wa mniq Osh ka sohu), kcka juga na 9 ka Osh su.
  7. Talas co (Talas, wa mniq Talas ka sohu)
  8. Ysyk Kol co (Ysyk Kol, wa mniq Karakear ka sohu)

Kana singcng cyu na kwanyeyn u to bay snkulan congyang kana; binaw niqan uri ka mniq mthutaq nniqan na Cucu keyng (aiyl okmotus),peyyah mtrawah seyngkyo na sucang mi su gikay qmlahang. Kana Cucu keyng na beyhing mi tiping u ida bay so wana 20 ka alang nniqan sediq.

Keyjay(經濟)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

Ana so ou ka kndadax tuiwil, knkanna kwoci pila cicin cucu na ccu, dukuricu daw wada mqriqu bay ka quri keyjay Ciarcis. Hana prading han u, Suryeyn mawyi citwan cyeyti u wada mlih ka scang, hmtur qnlhangan mquri scang keyjay kwotu. Seyhu u tqlahang dmuwi hbangan, wada lixun duma ka dnyawan dha mumal dnyawan mhnuk bbari qqiya, kaycng cngcswey. Mniq knkingal uuda u ptura scang keyjay kwotu ka qcahur. Spuda mdhu bay keyjay mi knpriyux, seyhu u smatang phiyu malu pltudul pkrana na cingci mosu. Spuda snbrahan,Ciarcis u mniq kngkawas 1998 idas 12 diyax 20 tumal Qnlangan mawyi cucu uri.

Mklhlah ka Suryeyn daw wada mkuuka ka knou bay scang, wada mchdil bay dndulan na Ciarcis na keyjay. Kngkawas 1990, 98% na cuko canpin u mquri Suryeyn na kana nniqan dha. So kiya u mniq 90 kngkkawas brah cida, keyjay Ciarcis u ini baka cbiyaw tumal konghkwo Suryeyn kana, wana mnccbu na Yameyniya, Yasaypayjan mi Tacik ka ini dha baka. Kngkawas so niyi u, wada knmalu hari ka keyjay dha, binaw ini so ttuku ka hbangan ngngalan dha, uka brahan pndungus mttuku syakay pawcang uri.

Ciarcis u quri nongyey ka pusu bay stmanan dha. Kngkkawas 90 pnrdingan cida daw, sing nongyey na canpin ka wada dhuq kana nngalan na 1/3 dhuq 1/2. Kngkawas 2002, nongyey can kana GDP 35.6%, kiya mi wada pndungus dmka sediq ka mpqpah. Tndxral kcka qnlhangan Ciarcis u ou dwiyaq, malu pkrana qpahun tmabu tnbuwan, niyi ka pusu bay uuda nongyey Ciarcis. Pusu bay pnhuma dha pnwalang u tipiq mugi, chiya sama, wata, spriq puqan, ssama mi hiyi pnwalang. Ubal miric, hiyi mi smnalu miluku uri ka pusu bay nongcanpin.

Nongcanpin cyakong ka kongyeyhwa na pusu bay pnsliyan niya, mquri waycu u niqan knbeyhing bay hnwetan niya. Ciarcis u niqan mttuku bay kwangcang, binaw uka ka gasoring mi gasu, ddha niyi u kasi ka sntama cinko. Qnlhangan niyi u niqan knou bay snkuwan dha mey, king, yo, ti mi duma ini hari qtayi xxiluy. Smmalu king ka qnlhangan Ciarcis pusu bay qpahun kongyey, seyhu u smatang hmuc wayc, dmudul wayhwang tiryeyn mi cyakong king. Alaw niqan mttuku bay qsiya mi dwiyaq mi nniqan lnlingay ka kcka dxral qnlhangan, malu dha cuko qnlhangan icil uri ka deyngki pneyyah biyax qsiya. Ciarcis pusu bay cuko canpin ka niqan rakaw na xiluy mi btunux kwang, ubal miric mi duma nongcanpin, deyngki mi duma kongcng canpin. Cinko gasoring, ida nkiya gasu, qalux xiluy, hwaswey canpin, knou bay kikay, qhuni, ppatas, duma uuqun mi qqiya ssalu sapah. Pusu bay pnspuwan dha mawyi u kiya knkana Amirika, Russia, Cyokoku, Doicu, Irang mi msdalih qnlhangan Tacik, Hasak, Ucpyeyk, Tukuman.

Ciarcis pa pquri Amirika cuko Ti, sweyin, ini hari qtayi xxiluy mi hwasweypin, kndadax Amirika cinko uuqun pnwalang, iyu mi qqiya ddiyun pkmalu narux, abura sama, ppatas, buwax, kikay, songcicyu mi hiyi uqun.

Ppanan rulu(交通)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

Knbawan elu ppanan kisya u 370 km, elu ppanan rulu u 30,300 km.

Ppanan rulu ka pusu bay ppanun sediq. Quri so ppanan skoki u, wa mniq sotu Piskayk na “Manas” kwoci cicang mi Mosk, Sinsiporiya, Tasekan, Tusangpey alang mkbrnux u niqan snpngan diyax ppanan skoki, tuhuy dukuricu kwosyey icil na alang mkbrnux, mray so Urumuci, Istanpaw, Hwarankhu, Sintri, Krac uri u niqan snpngan diyax mi ini spngi diyax na ppanan skoki.

Knhbrawan hiyi sediq(人口)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

Kngkawas 2019, knhbrawan hiyi sediq Ciarcis u niqan 6,389,500 hiyi, kcka na u, 34.4% na kngkawas u ini dhuq 15 kngkawas, 6.2% na u hmrinas kngkawas 65. Wana ya bay 1/3 hiyi sediq u mniq alang mkbrnux. Jnko mitu u kingkingal pinghwang km u 25 hiyi sediq.

Minjoku(民族)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

Niqan 80 kluwanan minjoku ka Ciarcis, knhbaraw bay hiyi u Ciarcis minjoku, kiya ka knkana sediq na 73.3%, mnTucyey minjoku; duma minjoku u kiya ka knkana Haracitan (8%), wa mssli tudaya na Russia joku (5.6%) mi wa mniq tuhunac ka Ucpyeyk joku (14.6%). Pusu bay ini khbaraw hiyi minjoku u kiya ka knkana sediq Tongkan (1.1%), Weuar joku (1.1%), Tack joku (1.1%), Hasak joku (0.7%), Ukran joku (0.5%) mi duma tikuh knhbrawan na minjoku (1.7%). Kngkawas 1999 dhuq kngkawas 2009 ka iyax 10 kngkawas u, wada mlih 16.3341 knbkiyan hiyi ka Russia joku Ciarcis, kiya mi wada mrana 10.1741 knbkiyan hiyi sediq ka Ucpyeyk joku Ciarcis. Niqan Tataar joku 3.3848 hiyi sediq ka Ciarcis uri, Tuarci joku u 3.6724 knbkiyan hiyi sediq, Yasaypayjan joku u 1.6745 knbkiyan hiyi sediq, Coseyng joku u 1.857 knbkiyan hiyi sediq, Doicu joku u 1.1128 knbkiyan hiyi sediq. Uxay wana dminjoku niyi, Ciarcis u niqan nina ka sediq Payorosu, sediq Tukuman, sediq Moartowa mi sediq Cyocya uri minjoku ka mniq hini. Sediq Ciarcis pa snaw u 49.4%, qridin u 50.6%.

Wunhwa(文化)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

Pusu bay diyax smsung(重要節日)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]

diyax Diyax smsung Hangan nniqan Nmalan
Idas 3 diyax 3 Diyax Splawa
Idas 3 diyax 14 Diyax jnmin kming
Idas 3 diyax 21 Smsung Naurus Навруз
Idas 5 diyax 5 Diyax keyngpo Kngkawas 1995
Idas 5 diyax 29 Smsung pnsdhuwan phiyu heytay Kngkawas 1992
Idas 8 diyax 31 Diyax smsung dukuricu Эркин күнү Kngkawas 1991

Pnyahan pnatas (參考資料)[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]